Kugadzira CNC neFlywheel: Maitiro, Midziyo uye Gwaro Rekusarudza

Zvikamu zveflywheel zvishandiso zvakakosha zvekuchengetera zvinhu zvinotenderera zvinowanikwa mumainjini emotokari, masisitimu ekufambisa emugungwa, uye michina yekugadzira magetsi. Musika wepasi rose wemagetsi emotokari, unokosheswa painengeMabhiriyoni mazana manomwe nemakumi mana nerimwe emadhora ($741 bhiriyoni) mugore ra2024, iri kuramba ichikurudzira kudiwa kwemhinduro dzekugadzira machining e flywheel dzakarurama (Chitubu:MarketsandMarkets, Powertrain yeMotokari 2024). Sezvo kushivirira kwekugadzira zvinhu kuchinyanya kusimba uye zvinangwa zvekubudirira kwekugadzira zvichikwira, kusarudza nzira yakakodzera yekugadzira michina yeCNC kwave sarudzo yakakosha kune vatariri vemaworkshop nemainjiniya emiti.

Gwaro iri rinoongorora maitiro ekugadzira CNC inobhururuka nevhiri, rinopa ruzivo rwakadzama nezvehunyanzvi hunotsanangura mashandiro emuchina, uye rinopa hurongwa hunoshanda hwekusarudza michina zvinoenderana nehukuru hwekugadzira uye kuoma kwezvikamu.

Chii chinonzi Flywheel CNC Machining

Kugadzira CNC uchishandisa flywheel zvinoreva kutenderedza, kuboora, kugaya, uye kupedzisa zvikamu zveflywheel zvinodzorwa nekombuta pamichina yakasarudzika yeCNC lathe. Kusiyana nekugadzira kwakajairika pamichina yeuniversal lathes, michina yeCNC inobatanidza mashandiro akawanda ekugadzira - ichitenderedza dhayamita yekunze nepamusoro pekukweshana, maburi ekuboora, kugokora tambo dzekuisa, uye milling balance grooves - mukati memuchina mumwe chete.

Zvinangwa zvikuru zvekugadzira machining e flywheel zvinosanganisira:

Kuwana kushivirira kwedhayamita yekunze mukati0.005 mm

• Kuchengetedza kutenderera pazasi0.005 mm(pamwe chete neISO 1101)
• Kudzora kuomarara kwenzvimbo pakatiRa 0.4–0.8 μmpanzvimbo dzakatarisana nekukweshana
• Kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvinhu zvekuisa zviri mukati me0.015 mm

Malathe emazuva ano eCNC anoshandiswa nemavhiri madiki anowana mukana uyu kuburikidza nemagadzirirwo emubhedha wemonolithic we45°, nzira dzekufambisa dzakanyatsojeka, uye maturu emagetsi akawanda anoshandiswa neservo anoderedza zvikanganiso zvekuisa panzvimbo itsva pakushanda.

Magadzirirwo Akakosha Ehunyanzvi eFlywheel CNC Machines

Pakuongorora ma lathe eCNC anoshandiswa ne flywheel, mainjiniya anofanirwa kutarisa pane zvinotevera zvikamu zvemagadzirirwo, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakananga kugona kwemuchina uye kugona kwekugadzira.

Kusimba kwemuchina uye Maumbirwo awo

Kuvakwa kwemubhedha kunonyanya kusarudza kugadzikana kwekupisa uye kudzikamisa kudedera. Mashandisirwo elathe dzeCNC dzemhando yepamusoro dzinofamba nemhepoHT300 simbi yakasimba kwazvoyemibhedha yakaita sebhokisi, ichipa chimiro chakakora chemamorekuru, kuomarara kwakakodzera, uye hunhu hwepamusoro hunozvizora hunoderedza kukweshana panguva yekucheka kwenguva refu.

Iyo45° mubhedha wakabatana wakakotamadhizaini inowedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekubvisa machipisi ukuwo ichiwedzera kuomarara kwechimiro neanenge23%zvichienzaniswa nemaitiro echinyakare emubhedha wakatsetseka, zvichienderana neongororo dzekuenzanisa dzakaburitswa muChinyorwa cheMaitiro Ekugadzira(Elsevier, 2023).

Magadzirirwo Ekushanda Kwechinotenderera

Maitiro espindle anodzora kumhanya kwakanyanya kwekucheka, kutumirwa kwesimba, uye kugona kwekugadzirisa bha stock.

Pakugadzira mavhiri emota, dhayamita yespindle inoburitswa neburi reΦ65 mmInokwana ruzhinji rwemavhiri asina chinhu, nepo kumhanya kwepamusoro kwe3,000 r/min kunopa kumhanya kwakakwana pamusoro pezvinhu zvesimbi nearuminiyamu.

Kurongeka Kwenzvimbo uye Kudzokorora

Kurongeka kwenzvimbo kunosarudza kushivirira kwakasimba kunogona kuwanikwa mukugadzirwa. Malathe eCNC anoshandiswa muindasitiri anotsanangura:

Kurongeka kwenzvimbo yekudzokorora X-axis: 0.003 mm

• Kurongeka kweZ-axis kudzokorora nzvimbo: 0.005 mm
• Kutenderera mushure mekugadzira: ≤0.005 mm
• Kuenderana kwedhayamita pamusoro pe300 mm: ≤0.015 mm

Nhamba idzi dzinoenderana neISO 13041-2zviyero zvekuyedza zvakarurama zveCNC turning centers uye zvinogutsa zvinodiwa zveOEMs dzemotokari dzinofamba nemhepo kusanganisira idzo dzinotevedzera IATF 16949 quality management systems.

Kufamba Kwebasa reFlywheel Machining

Maitiro ekugadzira CNC akajairika pamuchina wakatsaurirwa senge HG40/50L series ane matanho mana makuru.

Danho 1: Kubatanidza uye Kugadzirisa Zvisina Chinhu

Chinhu chisina chinhu chinogadzirwa nevhiri rinotenderera kana kuti rinogadzirwa nevhiri rinoiswa mu10-inch hollow hydraulic ine 4-jaw chuckDhizaini yechuck ine hollow inobvumira bar stock kuti ipfuure nepakati pekushanda kwekudya nguva dzose. Kusimbiswa kwekugadzirisa kunosanganisira kusimbiswa kweCMM kwe blank geometry yekutanga uye kurongeka kune machine coordinate system.

Danho rechipiri: Kutendeuka Kwakashata — Dhayamita Yekunze uye Pamusoro Pekukweshana

Kutenderedza zvisina kunaka kunobvisa zvinhu zvakawandisa kubva padhayamita rekunze uye pamusoro pakatarisana nekukweshana. Muchina uyu unoshandisaX-axisyekucheka kudzika kwe radial ukuZ-axisinodzora kubatana kweaxial. Maparamita ekucheka anowanzo sanganisira:

Kudzika kwekucheka: 1.5–3.0 mm

• Kuwanda kwekudya: 0.2–0.4 mm/rev
• Kumhanya kwekucheka: 150–250 m/min (yesimbi yakakandwa)

Danho rechitatu: Kugadzira Machining Nemazvo — Maburi, Mashinda, uye Makomba Akaringana

Iyoturret yenzvimbo dzakawanda inofambiswa neservokuchinja kuita mabasa ekuboora, kupomba, uye kugaya pasina kuisa patsva workpiece. Iyi nzira yekugadzirisa kamwe chete inobvisa zvikanganiso zvekubatanidzazve zvinowanzounza0.02–0.05 mmyekutsauka kwekuwedzera kwenzvimbo.

Kuboorera kunoshandisa mabhora esimbi anomhanya zvakanyanya kana kuti macarbide ane simba rekuisa maburi emota. Kuboorera maburi ebolt (kazhinji M10–M16 threads) kunoitwa nekutenderera kwespindle kunoenderana neturret. Kuboorera kweBalance Groove kunoshandisa radial power heads dzinoshanda nekukurumidza kusvika ku3,000 rpm.

Danho rechina: Kusimbiswa Kwemhando Yepamusoro uye Kupedzisa

Mashandisirwo ekuyera mushure mekugadzira michinamichina yekuyera inoenzanisa (CMM)kana kuti scanning yelaser iri muprocess kuti uone kuti:

Dhayamita yekunze uye kutenderera

• Nzvimbo dzekuisa maburi uye mhando yeshinda
• Kudzika kwemugero wepakati uye chimiro
• Kuomarara kwezviso zvekukweshana pamusoro

Zvikamu zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekushivirira zvinoenderera mberi nekuwirirana uye kubatanidzwa. Zvikamu zvisingaenderane nezvinodiwa zvinoendeswa kunogadziriswazve kana kuchekwa kwemvura zvichienderana nehurongwa hwekudzora hweSPC hwenzvimbo.

Kusarudza Muchina weCNC weFlywheel Wakakodzera

Kusarudzwa kwemidziyo kunoenderana nezvinhu zvitatu zvikuru: kuomarara kwezvikamu, huwandu hwekugadzirwa kwegore negore, uye zvinodiwa zvekushivirira.

Kugadzirwa kwemhando yepamusoro, kwepakati nepakati (500–5,000 zvidimbu pagore)pamhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemavhiri ekufambisa, aMuchina weservo turret une simba remisoro mitatuinopa mukana wekugadzirisa mabasa akasiyana-siyana ekuboorera, kupomba, uye kugadzira pasina kuchinja maturusi chaiwo. Musoro wesimba wemodular unogadzirisa misoro yemigodhi ye radial, axial, uye angular yakagadzirirwa magadzirirwo chaiwo e flywheel.

Kune mitsetse yakawanda, yezvigadzirwa chimwe chete (zvimedu zvinopfuura 10,000 pagore), tambo yakatsaurirwa yekufambisa mavhiri emhepo ine zviteshi zvakawanda inoderedza nguva yekutenderera kwechikamu chimwe chete kusvika pasi peMaminetsi matatuasi zvinoda mari yakawanda yekudyara uye nzvimbo yakakura pasi.

Zvinodiwa zvikuru pakusarudza zvinosanganisira:
1.Kureba kwekuchinja dhayamita: Mavhiri mazhinji emotokari anotangira paΦ300–Φ500 mm; michina inofanira kudarika izvi neinenge 10%

2.Kugadziriswa kweTurret: Zviteshi zvemagetsi zvinoona kugona kwesimba; zvinokurudzirwa kuti zviteshi zvitatu zviite seizvi

3.Sisitimu yekubvisa machipisi: Machipisi anofambisa otomatiki anodzivirira kuunganidzwa kwemachipisi panguva yekuchinjana kwevashandi

4.Kuenderana kwehurongwa hwekudzora: Masisitimu eSiemens, Fanuc, uye Mitsubishi CNC anopa rutsigiro rwakasiyana rwe post-processor uye kubatanidzwa kweCAM.

Zvishandiso zveMaindasitiri Akajairika

Kugadzira Mavhiri Emota

Mavhiri emota dzevatakurwi nemarori ekutengeserana anoda nzvimbo dzekukweshana dzineRa ≤ 0.8 μmmabhora ekupedzisa uye mabheyaringi emutyairi akabatwaKushivirira H7Mavhiri maviri ekufambisa mota (DMF) anoshandiswa mumota dzemazuva ano dzinotakura otomatiki anoda mamwe machining ekugadzirisa damper, zvichiita kuti maturusi acho ave akaomarara.

Kugadziriswa kweFlywheel yeInjini yeMarine

Mavhiri einjini yedhiziri yemugungwa anodarikaΦ600 mmdhayamita uye zvinogadzirwa nesimbi yakakandwa yepamusoro kana simbi yakagadzirwa. Zvikamu izvi zvinoda kucheka kwakakura kunoteverwa nekupedzisa kwakanyatsonaka, nekukwanisa kuenzana kwakatsanangurwa neBhizinesi reAmerica rekutumira zvinhu (ABS)zvinodiwa zvechitupa.

Midziyo Yokugadzira Magetsi Mavhiri emhepo

Mavhiri emagetsi ari mumaseti ejenareta anoshanda pa1,800–3,600 rpmuye zvinoda mahubhu epakati akagadzirwa nemazvo, migero yekuenzanisa, uye maficha ekubatanidza terminal. Midziyo yekugadzirisa chikamu ichi inowanzodaBT/BMT chishandiso chinoshandiswakuenderana uye simba respindle ratings rinodarika15 kWkuti zvibviswe zvakanaka.

Zvaunofanira Kufunga Nezvekuchengetedza Flywheel CNC Lathes

Kurongeka kwemuchina kwenguva refu kunoenderana nehurongwa hwekuchengetedza hunoenderana nekuunganidzwa kwemaawa emuchina.

Maawa ega ega emuchina mazana mashanu: Kuongorora sisitimu yekuzora mafuta uye kutsiva mafuta enzira yegwara

• Maawa ega ega emuchina chiuru: Kupisa kwebheyaringi yespindle uye kuongorora kudedera
• Maawa ega ega e2,000 emuchina: Kuyerwa kwe screw backlash yebhora uye muripo
• Maawa ega ega e5,000 emuchina: Kusimbiswa kwakazara kwejometri maererano neISO 230-2

Kugadziriswa nguva dzose kunoita kuti pave nekunyatsorongeka kwenzvimbo mukati mezvibvumirano zvakatarwa uye kunoita kuti nguva yebasa remuchina iwedzere kusvikaMakore 15–20nekungwarira kwakakodzera, zvichienderana nedata rehupenyu hwemidziyo rakaburitswa neIMTS — International Production Technology Show.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Mubvunzo 1: Ndeipi kutsungirira kwakajairika kwekugadzira machining emota?A: Magadzirirwo emota dzinobhururuka nemhepo anowanzo da kuti dhayamita yekunze ikwane mukati±0.005 mm, kutenderera kuri pazasi0.005 mm, uye kuomarara kwepamusoro kweRa 0.4–0.8 μm panzvimbo dzekukweshana. Kubatana pakati pezvimiro zvekuisa kunowanzo chengetwa mukati0.015 mmZvinodiwa izvi zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa neIATF 16949 zvemhando yepamusoro yemotokari.

Mubvunzo wechipiri: Lathe yeCNC inobhururuka nevhiri rinotenderera rinosiyana sei nenzvimbo yekutendeuka yeCNC yakajairika?A: Lathe yeCNC inobatanidza kugona kubhoorwa, kupomba, uye kugadzira kuburikidza neturret ine servo-powered turret yakawanda, zvichiita kuti zvikamu zvese zvishandiswe mune imwe chete. Nzvimbo dzeCNC dzinoshandiswa pakushandura dzinowanzo da mashandiro akasiyana kana kupindira nemaoko pakugadzira maburi nekushanda neshinda, zvichiwedzera nguva yekutenderera uye zvikanganiso zvekuisa panzvimbo itsva.

Mubvunzo wechitatu: Ndeipi kumhanya kwespindle kunodiwa pakugadzira flywheel?A: Mavhiri mazhinji esimbi yakakandwa anoda kumhanya kwespindle pakati2,000 ne3,000 r/minyekukwesha, nemabasa ekupedzisa zvakanaka angangosvika4,500 r/minkuti ipenye zvakanaka pamusoro. Mavhiri ealuminium anobhururuka anobatsirwa nekumhanya kwakanyanya kupfuura4,000 r/minkuti uwane hunhu hweRa hunodiwa pasina kugadzirwa kwekupisa kwakanyanya.

Mubvunzo wechina: Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kugadzira vhiri rimwe chete rinotenderera?A: Nguva yekutenderera inosiyana zvichienderana nedhayamita yevhiri rinobhururuka uye kuoma kwaro.Φ400 mmFlywheel yemotokari inotenderedzwa zvisina kunaka (2-3 min), kuboora nekubaya (1.5-2 min), milling balance grooves (1-2 min), uye finishing pas (1-1.5 min), zvichikonzera nguva yese yekutendereraMaminetsi 6–9palathe yeCNC yakagadzirwa nevhiri rekufambisa. Mabasa emazuva ano emuchina wemazuva ese anogona kutora maminetsi makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu pachikamu chimwe nechimwe.

Mubvunzo wechishanu: Ndeapi maindasitiri makuru anoshandisa michina yekugadzira CNC inobhururuka nevhiri?A: Maindasitiri makuru anoshandiswa nevashandi anosanganisira kugadzira mota (injini dzevatakurwi nedzemabhizinesi), injini dzinofambisa zvinhu mugungwa (mavhiri edhiziri), kugadzira simba (majenareta anotenderera), michina yekurima, uye michina yekuvaka. Zvinodiwa pamidziyo zvinofanirwa kuenderana nehukuru hwemavhiri ekufambisa zvinhu uye zvinodiwa nezvinhu zvechikamu chimwe nechimwe.