Nhanganyaya
Zvishandiso zvemichina, zvinozivikanwa se "mamai michina" yeindasitiri, ndizvo hwaro uye musimboti wekugadzira. Nekushandurwa nekuvandudzwa kwechikamu chekugadzira cheChina, indasitiri yezvishandiso zvemichina iri kuchinja zvikuru. Sekureva kwe "2025 China Machine Tool Industry White Paper" yakabudiswa neWintelligence, musika wezvishandiso zvemichina wekuChina unotarisana nemikana yekuvandudza isingaenzaniswi pakati pekudiwa kuri kukura kwezvigadzirwa zvepamusoro-soro, kubviswa kwesimba repasi, uye kuwedzera kuwanda kwemusika. Chinyorwa chino chichakutungamira kuburikidza nemamiriro aripo iye zvino, mafambiro, uye mafambiro eramangwana eChishandiso chemuchina weCNC cheChina indasitiri.
1. Musika weIndasitiri yeMashini Tools
1.1 Kukura Kwemusika uye Kukura
Muna 2024, musika wese weindasitiri yezvishandiso zvemichina muChina wakasvika 1,040.7 bhiriyoni RMB. Kunyangwe zvakanganiswa nekuderera kwehupfumi, maitiro ekuderera kwemusika akaderedzwa nerutsigiro rwemitemo yenyika. Musika unotarisirwa kuramba uchikura zvine mwero weinenge 3% mumakore anotevera, nehukuru hwemusika hunofungidzirwa hwe1,153.7 bhiriyoni RMB panosvika 2027.
Zvinonyanya kukosha kuti indasitiri iyi inoratidza maitiro akasiyana mukati:
Zvishandiso zvemuchina wekucheka simbi: +6%, zvichisvika mabhiriyoni 168.7 eRMB
Zvishandiso zvemuchina wekugadzira simbi: +4%, zvichisvika mabhiriyoni 93.0 eRMB
Zvishandiso zvekukwesha nekugaya: -15%, kusvika pa450.2 bhiriyoni RMB
1.2 Kuwedzera Kukuru muCNC Inopinda
Mwero weCNC (Computer Numerical Control) muindasitiri yezvishandiso zvemichina muChina wakakwira zvakanyanya kubva pa30% muna 2015 kusvika pa51% muna 2024. Sekureva kwechirongwa che "Made in China 2025", mwero weCNC wemabasa makuru unotarisirwa kusvika 64% panosvika 2025 uye uchapfuura 75% panosvika 2027. Maitiro aya anopa mukana mukuru wekukura kwemakambani ezvishandiso zvemichina zveCNC.
2. Maitiro Ekusimudzira Maindasitiri
2.1 "Zvikurudziro Zviviri uye Zvitsva Zviviri" Zvinotungamirirwa neMutemo
Mitemo yenyika inokurudzira zvikuru kukura kweindasitiri yezvishandiso zvemichina, kunyanya zvichiratidzwa mu "Zvikurudziro Zviviri" uye "Zvitsva Zviviri":
Zvinhu Zviviri Zvakakosha: Kutarisa pamatanho makuru enyika nemapurojekiti, uye kuvaka kugona kwakakosha kwekuchengetedza munda
Midziyo yepamusoro yeCNC Kuvandudzwa kwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu: Maindasitiri ehurongwa akadai semuchadenga, simba idzva, uye masemiconductors anokonzera kudiwa kuri kuwedzera kwezvishandiso zvemuchina zvine hunyanzvi uye zvine musanganiswa.
Kukurumidzisa kushandiswa kwemuchina wepamba: Michina yakawanda yemumba yepamusoro inoshandiswa muminda ye "zvipingamupinyi" zvakaita sesimba remauto nerenyukireya
Zvinhu Zviviri Zvitsva: Kukurudzira kugadzirwa kwemhando yepamusoro uye minda mitsva yetekinoroji
Kuvandudza njere nekuita kuti zvinhu zvive zvedhijitari: Indaneti yeindasitiri neAI + kugadzira maturusi emuchina anosundidzira kune masisitimu eCNC akangwara uye masevhisi ekugadzirisa ari kure
5G + Indaneti yeMaindasitiri: Tsigira kubatana kwematurusi emuchina uye kushandira pamwe kwedata, zvichiita kuti mitsetse yekugadzira igone kuchinjika
2.2 Shanduko muMapatani eKupinza neKutumira Kunze
Kubva muna 2021 kusvika 2024, kukosha kwezvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika muindasitiri yematurusi emuchina muChina kwakadzikira kubva pamadhora mabhiriyoni gumi nematatu nehafu ($13.8 bhiriyoni) kusvika pamadhora mabhiriyoni gumi nemaviri ($10.2 bhiriyoni) (-26%), ukuwo kukosha kwezvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kwakawedzera kubva pamadhora mabhiriyoni mapfumbamwe negumi nematatu ($9.3 bhiriyoni) kusvika pamadhora mabhiriyoni gumi nemaviri negumi nerimwe ($12.1 bhiriyoni) (+30%), zvichiita kuti pave nekuwedzera kwekutengeserana kekutanga. Izvi zvinoratidza:
Kukwikwidzana kuri nani kwezvishandiso zvemuchina zvemumba:CNC Five-axis panguva imwe chete muchinazvishandiso zvave zvichishandiswa zvakanyanya muchikamu chekugovera zvinhu mundege
Kukurumidza kutsiva zvinhu zvinopinzwa kunze kwenyika: Kuderera kwehupfumi kwakaita kuti makambani asarudze mhando dzemuno dzinodhura zvishoma
Kuwedzera kwemisika yekunze kwenyika: Rutsigiro rwemitemo uye kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji zvinofambisa kukura kwekutengesa kunze kwenyika
3. Kuongorora Musika weKushandiswa Kwepasi
Zvishandiso zvemuchina zvinonyanya kushandiswa mumaindasitiri anotevera:
| Maindasitiri | Goverana | Mwero wekukura | Hunhu |
| Mota | 25.6% | +5% | Kudiwa kwemuchina wekushandisa nemazvo kwakanyanyais inofambiswa nemotokari itsva dzinoshandisa simba; kugadzira patsva zvikamu zvemota zvechinyakare kunopa mikana mitsva |
| Zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi | 21.8% | +3% | Kuvandudzwa kwemidziyo nekukurumidza, kunoda kuchinjika kwakanyanya uye maturusi emuchina akangwara |
| Michina Yese | 14.0% | -1% | Yakanganiswa zvikuru nekuderera kwehupfumi |
| Muchadenga | 4.3% | +10% | Kukura nekukurumidza, kunokonzerwa nekudiwa kwendege hombe dzemuno |
| Zvishandiso Zvekurapa | 9.3% | +4% | Zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvekugadzirisa machining uye mhando yepamusoro |
Ruzivo Rukuru rweIndasitiri:
Indasitiri yeMotokari
Muna 2024, kutengeswa kwemotokari kwakasvika mamiriyoni 31.44, motokari itsva dzemagetsi dzichisvika mamiriyoni 3.52 (+38%). Mutemo wekutengeserana unofukidza anopfuura 95% yemamodheru, zvichiwedzera zvakanyanya kutengesa. Mikana iri muchikamu chemotokari yezvishandiso zvemichina inosanganisira:
Mota itsva dzinoshandisa simba: Zvishandiso zvemuchina weCNC zvakanyatsonaka zvinodiwa pakuisa mabhatiri, mamota, nezvimwewo.
Mota dzechinyakare: Kugadzira patsva zvikamu zvinokurudzira kugadzirwa kwechimiro chakafanana nechamambure uye kushandurwa kwekugadzirwa kwezvakatipoteredza
Muchadenga
Mari yekudyara zvinhu zvisina kugadziriswa mundege yakawedzera kubva pa182 bhiriyoni RMB muna 2019 kusvika 197.2 bhiriyoni RMB muna 2024. "General Aviation Equipment Innovation Application Implementation Plan" ine chinangwa chekugadzira modhi yepamusoro-soro, yakangwara yeindasitiri yendege panosvika 2030, ichiramba ichikurudzira kudiwa kwezvishandiso zvemuchina zvepamusoro-soro.
4. Maitiro eOtomatiki uye Kuvandudza Ungwaru
Muna 2024, musika wezvishandiso zvemuchina wakakura kusvika pa22.1 bhiriyoni RMB (+5%), nezvikamu zvakakosha:
Masisitimu eCNC (15.1 bhiriyoni RMB): Anotongwa neFANUC, Siemens; huwandu hwenzvimbo dzemuno chete 2%
Masisitimu eServo (3.29 bhiriyoni RMB): Anotungamirwa neInovance, Yaskawa; nzvimbo dzemuno dzinenge 45%
Mashandisirwo emagetsi (1.19 bhiriyoni RMB): Anotungamirwa neInovance, Siemens; 45% yenzvimbo dzemuno
Kunyangwe hazvo CNC yepamusoro-soro ichiri kuvimba nekutenga zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika, kuwanikwa kwezvinhu zveservo uye frequency converter kuri pedyo ne50%, zvichiratidza kufambira mberi kuri kuita tekinoroji yeChina ye automation.
5. Maonero Eramangwana
Kushandiswa kwezvishandiso zvakawanda hakudzoreki: Maindasitiri ehunyanzvi akadai semuchadenga nesimba idzva zvichakurudzira kukura kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi mukudiwa kwezvishandiso zvemuchina zvine mativi mashanu panguva imwe chete uye zvakanyatsonaka.
Kukurumidza kutsiva zvinhu zvemumba: Rutsigiro rwemitemo uye kubudirira kwetekinoroji zvichabatsira maturusi emumba kuwana kubudirira kukuru muminda yepamusoro-soro.
Kuchinja kwehungwaru: Matekinoroji eInternet yeindasitiri neAI achachinja zvigadzirwa zvematurusi emuchina nemamodheru ebasa.
Marongerwo ekudyidzana kwenyika: Makambani anotungamira achakurumidzisa kudyidzana kwenyika dzese kuburikidza nemafekitori ekune dzimwe nyika nekutenga zvinhu.
Mhedziso
Indasitiri yemidziyo yemichina yeChina iri padanho rakakosha rekuchinja nekusimudzira, ine matambudziko nemikana zviripo. Senzvimbo yehunyanzvi yekushambadzira kunze kwenyika, OTURN inounganidza akawandamuchina wemhando yepamusoro weCNC uye vatengesi venzvimbo dzekugadzira michina, vakazvipira kupa mhinduro dzemidziyo dzinoshanda, dzakarurama, uye dzakavimbika kumakambani ekugadzira epasi rose. Isu tinotsigira tsika dze "Unyanzvi, Kutarisisa, Kushanda Nesimba, Nyore, Hunhu Hwakanaka, uye Kubatsira Vamwe," tichiramba tichikurudzira kusimudzira marudzi ezvishandiso zvemuno pasi rose, tichibatsira vatengi kusimudzira kukwikwidzana mukugadzira, uye pamwe chete tichigamuchira nguva itsva yekugadzira zvinhu zvine hungwaru.
*Ruzivo rwakakosha uye hurongwa hwekuongorora hwechinyorwa chino zvakatorwa kubva mu "2025 China Machine Tools Industry White Paper - Sharing Edition" yakaburitswa neWintelligence muna Kubvumbi 2025.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-05-2025